"Petra Creek", July 11 to 15, 2023

I haven’t fished rivers / streams in almost two years, so I was looking forward to a 10-day trip to Montana and Idaho. A friend and I headed first to “Petra Creek”. Another friend and his wife had purchased a cabin on this creek several years ago; they generously offered to let us stay in two of their small cabins (actually, their neighbor’s small one-person cabins).
“Petra Creek” is a popular fishery, but as one skilled Montana local remarked, it can be a very technical creek.
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Adding to the challenge, water levels were 35% higher than the median. That would make wading across the creek to the other bank riskier than normal on a river known for a slippery river bottom. As a leftie, I always prefer to fish near right bank as my casts are mostly over the water and I’m less likely to hook flies in the riparian vegetation. That usually means that I’m crossing the river at least twice. [Why do all my favorite streams have their access roads to the left of the river???]

We fished during late-morning/early afternoon and headed out again in the evening. I’m not a nympher and without a major daytime hatch (and limited water access to boot), I didn’t have high expectations and that was about right. But “Petra Creek” often turns on in the evening with a mix of ovipositing bugs and newly emerging bugs.

During the day, I primarily relied on a size 18 EHC, a reliable searching bug, and there were a few caddis flying around. My casts into likely spots into the heart of the main pools were largely ignored or rejected after a brief inspection. What little success that I had during the day occurred when I dropped casts into small pockets that had some cover from the current, such as submerged boulders or a shrub dislodged by higher water and dropped into a side channel. Most of the strikes were from cutthroats, bless their surface-fly loving hearts, but two small browns grabbed the EHC too.
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The slow fishing left ample time to be diverted by the abundant butterfly activity and the profusion of wildflowers on the banks [more later]. In spite of the calendar indicating mid-July, the hillsides were a vivid green and the wildflowers were in full bloom [more later too].

It was a different story in the evening. I had a delightful night at one of my favorite drifts. The top of the drift has the expected white water and standing waves. But as the water travels into the middle of the pool, the current drops and the depth increases – perfect holding water for fish looking for insects in the evening. This drift has a shallower, wadable spine up the center from the tailout; this spine splits the drift into deeper water left and right. River left shallows quickly and holds smaller fish at best. To the right of the spine, the water deepens until it is only a few feet of the grassy bank. Larger submerged rocks deflect water and provide holding spots for trout.

Because it is easier to wade, many folks tend to fish this section from the central spine, but this means casting perpendicularly across several complicated current seams to drop a cast to the edge of the right bank. I have enough mass (…), that I could wade upstream into the middle of the deeper section of river right. From this position, many of my casts were quartering upstream and over fewer disparate current seams. And even if I were to cast perpendicular to the flow or to the bank, my fly line/leader was across far fewer seams. This riskier wading position made a big difference as I had a great evening but a friend who fished from the spine was blanked.

I started out with the same EHC that I had used successfully during the day. I picked up several 8-10” fish from likely locations: a foam line that was created by submerged boulders and in pockets tight to the bank. There were some ovipositing caddis and crane flies flying around.

At one point, I lost the EHC; I had intended to tie on a PMD as that should have been the emerging mayflies. But when I opened my miscellaneous fly box, a size 14, gray Callibaetis biot-bodied parachute caught my eye.
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I have great confidence in this fly when fishing lakes, but it just looked so buggy that evening. The fish agreed as I caught three fish in three cast: an 8” brown, a 10” rainbow, and a 12” cutthroat. I continued to drop blind casts to likely spots and directed casts to the vicinity of any recent rise. Quite frequently, I was rewarded with a strike, including two fish that literally jumped out of the water for the fly.

The best fish of the evening was a gorgeous 14”ish cutthroat. In response to a rise, I dropped a cast just upstream of the position. The rise was very subtle, but I could tell from the initial run that this was a nice fish. It initially ripped off line upstream and then turned and blasted downstream. My challenge was that I couldn’t easily wade into shallower, slower flows for the fight and landing; I was stuck here in the faster flow. With the fish down-current of me, I had to be careful that I didn’t put too much pressure on this fish and pull out the hook. I caught a break as the fish swam upstream on its own volition until it was positioned between me and the bank. I reached around my back to grab my net and got the fish’s head up out of the water. I missed netting the fish on the first pass, but the second was successful. This was a gorgeous fish with great markings and the characteristic orange belly of a “pool boss”. With my rod tucked under my right armpit and my net in my left hand, I managed to take a few pictures of this fish before I set it on its way.
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I picked up a few other fish before the action started to die down. The decline might have been because the hatch was petering out or it could have been that I had already hooked most of the fish in this section. It was a wonderful evening.
Steve
 
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In recent years, I’ve grown more and more interested in butterflies. In part, they are VERY photogenic and I’m beginning to appreciate (but not totally understand) their behaviors. The Anicia checkerspot is a highly-variable, widespread butterfly, generally in drier habitats. They harvest nectar from a variety of plants, including penstemons and stonecrops.
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The bright-yellow Christina sulfur ranges from Alaska through the Rockies of B.C., Northern Idaho, and Montana. Their caterpillars feed on the vegetation of legumes (pea plants).
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This green comma butterfly has very ragged wing edges. This helps with its camouflage when the wings are closed. The drab underside markings look like lichen-covered bark, but the upperside wings are reddish-brown, very visible when a resting butterfly “flashes” open its wings.
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Lorquin’s admiral has very striking markings; like many other butterflies, the patterns are different on the closed wings vs. the open wings. Like this individual, these butterflies prefer clearings in forests. This individual, likely a male, would seek out exposed branch tips and chase off any other butterfly that intruded into its “personal space”.
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In “blue” butterflies, the color of the upperside wings of the males is a brilliant blue; the upperside wings of females are gray or brown. The blue, probably a Melissa blue, on a nodding onion bloom, ranges widely in the Western U.S.
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It must have been a good year for swallowtails. These include a Western tiger swallowtail sipping nectar from a streambank globemallow
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And swallowtails sipping something from a streambank. When I originally walked up there were over a dozen butterflies, mostly Western tiger swallowtails and two pale Tiger swallowtails, concentrating on something at one spot (mineral lick? someone’s pee?). Most flew off when I got too close.
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But two Western tiger swallowtails returned quickly and allowed me to approach close enough with my TG5 camera to snap a close-up. And you can see a cuckoo bee that photobombed the picture in the lower left corner. Like the cuckoo bird, these bees will invade the nest of pollen-collecting bees and lay eggs in the cells of the pollen-collecting bee. They will eat the hosts food and kill/eat the grub of the pollen-collecting bee.
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Steve
 
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Reflecting this area’s long history of settlement for ranching and mining, it isn’t surprising that the flora has been impacted by invasive plants from Eurasia. One prominent example of these invasives is the ubiquitous oxeye daisy, but as you can see, the local pollinators will exploit its pollen.
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One of the more spectacular examples of these invaders is the tall bull thistle. This plant produces large volumes of nectar that is harvested by bees and butterflies
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Harebells (aka, bluebells) are native in temperate habitats across the Northern hemisphere. They were harvested for the blue dye used for tartans.
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The Northern bog violet is another widely-spread species in North America. They prefer moist habitats, such a bogs, springs, seeps, and wetlands.
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Penstemons (Greek for 5 stamens) have very pretty tubular flowers with five fused petals (three above and two below). There are 36 species in Montana alone. This might be Penstemon procerus, small-flowered penstemon.
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The large, bright pink flowers of the streambank globemallows produce some of the most dramatic displays along Montana streams. This species does well in disturbed areas (streams, clearcutts, after fires) as seed germination improves in areas with warmer soils.
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Pinedrops (giant pinedrops, Pterospora andromeda) have an interesting story to tell. These reddish brown stalks rise two feet or more under the canopy of the pines, tall enough for me to identify while driving along the gravel road that parallels "Petra Creek". When I parked and walked around, there were quite a few fresh pinedrops stalks and the dried remnants of last year's stalks still evident.
The pinedrops plants themselves have NO chlorophyll. They derive their nutrition from injecting themselves in a mutualism between mycorrhizal fungi and pine trees (Ponderosa pines in this location). The fungi pass minerals and water from the soil to the roots of the pine trees and the pine trees transfer sugars to the fungi. The roots of the pinedrops absorb minerals from the fungi and carbohydrates from the pine trees. While the pinedrops are often characterized as a parasite in this fungal-pine tree relationship, they may produce a growth stimulant for the fungi.
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Steve
 
Great photos!
 
Your butterfly pics brings me back to my youth when i wanted to become an entomologist and had quite a few of those in my collection.
 
I LOVE your butterfly pictures! I have just recently taken notice of their variety. I have been photographing them as I get the chance.
 
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