Weather is a huge consideration, it is how we ended up in Bend, but we had just become empty nesters. We bought at the bottom of the market during housing crisis; now, with kids, to be in decent part of Bend with the best schools, I would say there is an affordability issue. We have since left Bend for various reason, but mostly to be near family (2 boys in NYC). We have settled in the Poconos of Pennsylvania (2.5 to 3 hours from NYC and the boys). Weather is decent, we like the 4 seasons, but winter is not too harsh. Decent education and health services near us, small town/rural feel.
If you are at all thinking of the East, Pennsylvania is maybe one of the better states to consider, lest you really like winter, which given the places you've lived, may never have experienced. If you love snow and good cold, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont are great states. The only place in New York state outside the city, which is unafforadable, that is worth living in is Ithaca, but that borders on unaffordable and has a pretty serious winter. Everywhere else we looked is depressed and broken down and NY taxes are way up there.
Virginia, out in the Shenandoah valley is also nice. I'm not sure how anyone lives in the "south".
BC has been mentioned, but it is not cheap, Vancouver is as bad or worse than Seattle. The Sunshine cost is beautiful (lived up there for 3 years) but very expensive. The interior is very nice, Kamloops is affordable, but then there is that winter thing to consider. Kelowna area is pretty expensive (and has winter, as does all of the interior).
Someone mentioned the Ozarks, which I thought was interesting. You couldn't pay me enough to live there. I lived outside of Kansas City for quite some time, and several times drove through various parts in search of fishing - scary place to me, from what I saw and know, not terribly tolerant, has had a history of drug issues, many of the towns are pretty depressed (or were), outside of Columbia, which is not really the Ozarks, not sure education is a priority. Now I may be all wrong on this, I would not mind to be corrected.
Anyways, good luck with your "thought experiment".
Cheers