A Little Perspective on Gardner River flooding

Mike Cline

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As I was going through YNP photos on the flooding, several things stood out to me. One the flooding in the narrow Gardner River canyon did indeed do a lot of damage to the road but didn't alter the water course much and there wasn't much vegetation in that section to wash away anyway. When normal flows return, the newly exposed areas should revegetate quickly.

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The following two photos show the section of the Gardner just adjacent to the North gate. It looks like a lot of change, but I think that knowing what it looked like before is instructive. Although there appears to be a lot of washout, the river course didn't change.
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I didn't have a specific pre-flood image of the above section but have passed through it dozens of times. The photo below (2021 spring) is just below the above section. Note the stream side vegetation. Pretty typical of what was there (although not as thick in the washout areas) prior to the flood.
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I took the two flood photos above and annotated them with some lines to show what we've lost (and haven't) lost.

Gardner River YNP Flood 1.jpg
The section was a low gradient, shallow section (by comparison to stretches above and below it). It never held many decent fish. The BLUE line was the route of an angler trail off the bench down to the river.
The ORANGE line represents areas of scattered low brush that made this stretch easy to fish for anglers walking down from the road above. The RED line represents an old wagon roadbed built by the army to access their firing range on the bench. In the image below, the two RED dots represent the rock bridge abutments built by the army. It appears they are still intact and there was no catastrophe damage upstream from the abutments until you reach the Rescue Creek trailhead bridge.
Gardner River YNP Flood 2.jpg
Apart from a lot of rocks having been moved around and some streamside vegetation washed away, it appears the flood didn't do that much damage to the natural aspects of the river, especially in the narrow canyons. When the waters recede, we'll see more of what's been moved about. In the Spring, this section of the river downstream from the rescue creek trailhead gets a big flush of fish from the Yellowstone chasing Salmon flies. That might not happen this year and most likely we won't get much opportunity to find out anyway. During summer low water, small resident browns predominate. In the Fall however, big browns enter the river from the Yellowstone to spawn. Apart from the infrastructure issues, I suspect the Gardner will be back to its old self in 2023 although maybe not as scenic in some places.
 
My one son in law's parents live in Gardiner. They can't get out and his father can't get in as the bridge is washed out. I guess that they both are stranded.

But thank you for the info. While I've been living here in Montana, I just never made it to that part of the state. And now that I'm older than dirt I probably never will.
 
That is interesting Mike. I think the main reason for little channel change to the Gardiner River is its geological base. That is, the river course is a very steep canyon composed mostly of rock. Rock doesn't erode very easily. I will be very interested to see what has happened to the Yellowstone River channel downstream of Yankee Jim Canyon, where the valley begins to open up. There could be some major channel shifting in the downstream reaches. I also want to see what happened to the Lamar. I'm very fond of fishing there, and the section from Soda Butte down to the canyon is highly erodible. It's going to be an interesting season, that's for sure.
 
That is interesting Mike. I think the main reason for little channel change to the Gardiner River is its geological base. That is, the river course is a very steep canyon composed mostly of rock. Rock doesn't erode very easily. I will be very interested to see what has happened to the Yellowstone River channel downstream of Yankee Jim Canyon, where the valley begins to open up. There could be some major channel shifting in the downstream reaches. I also want to see what happened to the Lamar. I'm very fond of fishing there, and the section from Soda Butte down to the canyon is highly erodible. It's going to be an interesting season, that's for sure.
No doubt there will be significant channel changes on the Yellowstone. There are some just about every year. This year should see some significant ones. In Cottonwood bottom valleys like Paradise Valley, high water breaks loose big trees which eventually ground somewhere, accumulate and force water courses to change. Old gravel bars are washed away and new ones form in different parts of the river. Indeed its going to be an interesting season.
 
I have had a couple very large flood events occur on rivers I knew well before and after the flood. All rain on snow flood events. Channel changes, holding water, etc does change substantially (I lost one section of holding water that I have had some of my most amazing days fish on, nothing like it ever came back), but the most obvious impact I noticed was large changes to the insect populations. Definitely a drop in insects and fish health for the next couple years post-flood. Some hatches totally disappeared for the next 5+ years, or came back much weaker than they had been previously.. others were back to pretty decent within 3-4 years.

The worst major channel change I have experienced is some sections that were awesome meander bends got totally channelized with high banks. Went from meanders with tons of habitat to much deeper, faster, long straight line channels with little habitat and fish holding potential. Those are the ones that hurt. Walking past a mile of river that you used to spend all day on.
 
Mother Earth washing herself of a few human fingerprints isn't the end of the world.

Gonna breaks some eggs to make an omelet.

Life isn't fair.
 
Admittedly my ignorance on display here: do fish populations return home if possible post flood, or do they usually rehome to other habitats?
 
I am more worried about all the displacement/destruction of the insects and habitat. Fish will be where breakfast, lunch and dinner as well as appetizers are available. It may take a few years for a new normal to be established. Mean while trout will be impacted in various ways.
 
Admittedly my ignorance on display here: do fish populations return home if possible post flood, or do they usually rehome to other habitats?
I think the fish are adapt at riding out a flood…and probably more so than humans may think.

My thought…the fish may move more side to side than flushed downstream.
 
Sounds like a good project for a Fisheries Biologist grad student. Wonder if any fish had been previously tagged in those waters
 
I think the fish are adapt at riding out a flood…and probably more so than humans may think.

My thought…the fish may move more side to side than flushed downstream.
In the steepest gradient sections of the Gardner there are huge boulders mid-stream which break up the current. They create significant refuges for trout, even during floods. If you have ever swum in a high-gradient plunge pool, you know that there's essentially no current, just a bit of turbulence as you get close to the boulders precipitating the pool. Years ago, as I was returning from a morning fishing in the canyon during late spring, a family standing on the Rescue Creek Bridge (a high gradient section) asked me "How do the fish stay in this fast water". I just pointed to one boulder and said they live in the shelter of these boulders where the actual current is minimal.
 
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I was fishing the Fortson Hole one summer day. I was wet wading. I just happened to look down at my feet in the top pool. I noticed that many small fish were downstream of my legs. There wasn't that much water coming down fast, but the small fish were resting down stream of my legs.
 
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In the steepest gradient sections of the Gardner there are huge boulders mid-stream which break up the current. They create significant refuges for trout, even during floods. If you have ever swum in a high-gradient plunge pool, you know that there's essentially no current, just a bit of turbulence as you get close to the boulders precipitating the pool. Years ago, as I was returning from a morning fishing in the canyon during late spring, a family standing on the Rescue Creek Bridge (a high gradient section) asked me "How do the fish stay in this fast water". I just pointed to one boulder and said they live in the shelter of these boulders where the actual current is minimal.
Was swimmin’ in a place called Broken Dam, on a local creek. It was a swimming hotspot in the 80s. Off to one side, the “broken” part, there were several bubbly plunge pools that stepped down to the main channel.
I had my mask/snorkel on and came face to face with a prime 18”-20” rainbow, in the blurry mess. 😳😳😳

It wasn’t expending any effort.

Ps: the bikini hatch was exceptionally fine that day as well. 😉
 
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